Scalable Reliable SD Erlang Design

This technical report presents the design of Scalable Distributed (SD) Erlang: a set of language-level changes that aims to enable Distributed Erlang to scale for server applications on commodity hardware with at most 100,000 cores. We cover a number of aspects, specifically anticipated architecture, anticipated failures, scalable data structures, and scalable computation. Other two components that guided us in the design of SD Erlang are design principles and typical Erlang applications. The design principles summarise the type of modifications we aim to allow Erlang scalability. Erlang exemplars help us to identify the main Erlang scalability issues and hypothetically validate the SD Erlang design

Performance test of QU-fitting in cosmic magnetism study

QU-fitting is a standard model-fitting method to reconstruct distribution of magnetic fields and polarized intensity along a line of sight (LOS) from an observed polarization spectrum. In this paper, we examine the performance of QU-fitting by simulating observations of two polarized sources located along the same LOS, varying the widths of the sources and the gap between them in Faraday depth space, systematically. Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach is used to obtain the best-fit parameters for a fitting model, and Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria (AIC and BIC, respectively) are adopted to select the best model from four fitting models. We find that the combination of MCMC and AIC/BIC works fairly well in model selection and estimation of model parameters in the cases where two sources have relatively small widths and a larger gap in Faraday depth space. On the other hand, when two sources have large width in Faraday depth space, MCMC chain tends to be trapped in a local maximum so that AIC/BIC cannot select a correct model. We discuss the causes and the tendency of the failure of QU-fitting and suggest a way to improve it.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, submitted to MNRA

3D multi‐fluid MHD studies of the solar wind interaction with Mars

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95115/1/grl13388.pd

Yhteistyössä maailman parasta : Korkeakoulutuksen ja tutkimuksen kansainvälisyyden edistämisen linjausten 2017–2025 seuranta ja kehittäminen

Kansainvälisyyden edistämislinjauksessa tavoitteeksi on asetettu suomalaisen korkeakoulutuksen ja tutkimuksen laadun vahvistaminen ja globaalisti tunnustetun edelläkävijäaseman saavuttaminen vuoteen 2025 mennessä. Opetus ja kulttuuriministeriö asetti korkeakoulutuksen ja tutkimuksen kansainvälisten asioiden foorumin (jatkossa KV-foorumi) kahden vuoden määräajalle 1.1.2018–31.12.2019 seuraamaan ja kehittämään linjausten toteutumista. KV-foorumille asetettiin neljä tehtävää: 1. Seurata korkeakoulutuksen ja tutkimuksen kansainvälisten linjausten toimeenpanoa ja toimintaympäristön muutosta huomioiden muut voimassaolevat, kansalliset ja kansainväliset, korkeakoulutuksen ja tutkimuksen linjaukset; 2. Määritellä kansainvälistymisen tavoitetaso vuodelle 2025 ja kehittää seurantaan indikaattorit; 3. Muotoilla suomalaisen korkeakoulutuksen ja tutkimuksen viestejä kahdenvälisessä ja monenvälisessä kansainvälisessä toiminnassa sekä helpottaa tiedonkulkua korkeakoulujen, tutkimuslaitosten, tutkimusrahoittajien, ministeriöiden ja muiden toimijoiden välillä sekä 4. Toimia myös Team Finland Knowledge -verkoston laajennettuna tukiryhmänä taaten tiedon- ja viestinkulun Suomesta verkostolle ja toisinpäin. KV-foorumi on koostunut erilaisista suomalaisen korkeakoulutuksen ja tutkimuksen verkostoista ja organisaatioista, joilla ei ole ollut aikaisemmin yhteistä foorumia, jossa keskustella kansainvälisyyden edistämisestä. Näin sitä voidaan kutsua ”verkostojen verkostoksi”. KV-foorumin tavoitteena on ollut tuoda yhteen eri toimijat siten, että erilaisista näkökulmista syntyy linjauksia tukevia toimintoja. Lisäksi näin turvataan linjausten toimeenpano kaikilla tasoilla. KV-foorumin raportissa annetaan 17 suositusta varmistamaan korkeakoulutuksen ja tutkimuksen kansainvälisyyden edistämisen linjausten toteutuminen. Suositukset liittyvät niin maakuvaviestintään ja alumnitoimintaan kuin maahantuloon ja jäämiseen liittyviin kysymyksiin, koulutus- ja tiedediplomatian vahvistamiseen, globaaliin vastuunkantoon sekä kestävään kehitykseen

Struggle with a gap between intensive care units and general wards

Nursing critically ill patients includes planning and performing safe discharges from Intensive Care Units (ICU) to the general wards. The aim of this study was to obtain a deeper understanding of the main concern in the ICU transitional process—the care before, during, and after the transfer of ICU patients. Interviews were conducted with 35 Swedish nurses and analysed according to grounded theory. The main concern was the nurses' “struggling with a gap.” The “gap” was caused by differences in the altered level of care and contributed to difficulties for nurses encountering an overlap during the transitional care. The categories: sheltering, seeking organizational intertwining and striving for control are related to the core category and were used to generate a theory. The nurses sought improved collaboration, and employed patient-centred routines. They wanted access to necessary tools; they relayed or questioned their own competence and sought assurance of the patients' ability to be transferred. If the nurses felt a loss of control, lack of intertwining and lack of collaboration, they sheltered their patients and themselves. Intertwining was more difficult to perform, but actually even more important to do. With knowledge about ICU transitional care, collaboration, routines, and with an organization that provides an educational environment, the process could be improved

The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe

The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess.Comment: Major update of previous version. This is the reference document for LBNE science program and current status. Chapters 1, 3, and 9 provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess. 288 pages, 116 figure